Reduce
Quickly and fairly cut greenhouse gas emissions from all parts of society. This slows the rate of warming and limits additional damage, but on its own, does not stop climate impacts already in motion.
Remove
Take large amounts of the carbon already in the atmosphere and lock it away safely for hundreds of years. Prioritise nature-based approaches that also restore ecosystems, food security, and livelihoods, while supporting well-designed technologies that can reliably remove carbon from the air.
Repair
Take steps to reduce the immediate risks from climate warming by helping the Earth cool back to a safer balance. Focus on actions that protect and restore natural ecosystems while making the planet better at reflecting sunlight. All methods should adhere to strong scientific, ethical, and governance standards.